Monstera acacoyaguensis 大波浪龟背竹

#热植图鉴#热带loveplants2024-05-02

Monstera acacoyaguensis，大波浪龟背竹，龟背竹图鉴，原生龟背竹，天南星科，热带loveplants

基本信息
Accepted Name：Monstera acacoyaguensis Matuda
首次发布于：Madroño 10: 48 (1949)
中文名称：大波浪龟背竹
科：天南星科
属：龟背竹属
原产地：伯利兹危地马拉墨西哥东南部
命名者：Matuda
相关种：与M. lechleriana 关系最密切

植物简介
附生于高达 5 米的大树下部树干上。幼年期：陆生匍匐植物，茎光滑、绿色，节间长 2 - 4 厘米，叶片伸出且直立，叶柄具鞘至其长度的 1/3 至 5/6，叶鞘翅宿存；叶柄长度约与叶片相等，叶片近革质，正面有光泽，全缘，卵形，基部楔形，顶端锐尖，稍不对称。成年茎：近圆柱状，光滑，绿色，厚 3 - 5 厘米，节间长 3 - 8 厘米；叶痕在最宽处 1 - 2 厘米宽，每个叶痕的两端重叠 0.5 - 1.0 厘米；腋芽扁平，半圆形，宽 0.5 - 1.0 厘米，高为宽度的一半，位于茎上的轻微凹陷处。叶柄：光滑，长 40 - 65 厘米，约为叶片长度的 2/3，具鞘至叶节基部，叶鞘翅宿存，叶节长 5 - 6 厘米。叶片：近革质，正面有光泽，背面较淡，卵形，长约为宽的两倍，长 60 - 85 厘米，宽 35 - 45 厘米，基部截形，与叶柄连接处收缩成一个宽约 6 厘米、长约 6 厘米的楔形部分，顶端锐尖；边缘全缘，中脉每侧有一列或通常两列穿孔，穿孔卵形至椭圆形，宽 2 - 5 厘米，长 4 - 12 厘米，穿孔边缘常正面卷曲；主侧脉平行，数量为 12 - 16 条，相隔 3 - 5 厘米，次侧脉与主侧脉平行。花序梗：光滑，圆柱状，约 2 厘米粗，长 25 - 30 厘米。佛焰苞：浅黄色至奶油色，厚革质，高 25 - 35 厘米，周长 18 - 25 厘米，渐尖，成熟时离顶端约 5 厘米处最宽。开花的肉穗花序：淡黄色，圆柱形，不渐细，长 18 - 22 厘米，厚 1.5 - 2.0 厘米，雌蕊棱柱形，顶端截形，长 4 - 6 毫米，宽 2.5 - 4.0 毫米。果实和种子未知。

Monstera acacoyaguensis与m. lechleriana相似，但可以通过几个特征轻松区分。首先是其原生栖息地 - m. lechleriana生长在玻利维亚、哥伦比亚和其他南美国家，而m. acacoyaguensis仅在更北的墨西哥和伯利兹被发现。M . lechleriana也生长在更高的海拔 - 大多在 800 米（2625 英尺）以上，并且通常有一排较小的卵形穿孔，或两排不同大小的穿孔，较小的一排更靠近中脉。

Epiphytic on the lower trunks of large trees to 5 m tall. Juvenile: terrestrial creeper, stem smooth, green, internodes 2 – 4 cm long, leaves exserted and erect, petiole vaginate for 1/3 to 5/6 its length, the sheath wings persistent; the petiole about equal in length to the lamina, the lamina subcoriaceous, glossy adaxially, entire, ovate, cuneate at the base, acute at the tip, slightly unequal. Adult stem: subterete, smooth, green, 3 – 5 cm thick, internodes 3 – 8 cm long; leaf scars 1 – 2 cm across at the widest point, the ends of each scar overlapping for 0.5 – 1.0 cm; axillary buds flat, semicircular, 0.5 – 1.0 cm wide, half as tall, in a slight depression on the stem. Petiole: smooth, 40 – 65 cm long, about 2/3 the length of the lamina, vaginate to the base of the geniculum, the sheath wings persistent, the geniculum 5 – 6 cm long. Lamina: subcoriaceous, glossy adaxially, paler below, ovate, about twice as long as wide, 60 – 85 cm long, 35 – 45 cm wide, the base truncate, where it joins the petiole contracted into a cuneate portion about 6 cm wide and 6 cm long, the tip acute;margin entire, perforations in one or usually two series on each side of the midrib, the perforations ovate to elliptic, 2 – 5 cm wide, 4 – 12 cm long, the margin of the perforations often curled adaxially; primary lateral veins parallel, 12 – 16 in number, 3 – 5 cm distant, secondary lateral veins parallel to the primaries. Peduncle: smooth, terete, about 2 cm thick, 25 – 30 cm long. Spathe: light yellow to cream, thickly coriaceous, 25 – 35 cm tall, 18 -25 cm around, acuminate, at maturitywidest about 5 cm from the tip. Flowering spadix: yellowish, cylindric, not tapered, 18 – 22 cm long, 1.5 – 2.0 cm thick, the pistils prismatic, truncate at the apex, 4 – 6 mm long, 2.5 – 4.0 mm across. Fruit and seeds unknown.

Monstera acacoyaguensis is similar to m. lechleriana but is readily distinguished by several characteristics. First is its native habitat- m. lechleriana grows in Bolivia, Colombia, and other South American countries, while m. acacoyaguensis has only been observed further north, in Mexico and Belize. M. lechleriana also grows at higher altitude- mostly above 800 meters (2625 ft), and often has one row of smaller ovate perforations, or two rows of different sizes, with the smaller row closer to the midrib.

植物图片