Monstera membranacea 膜叶龟背竹
#热植图鉴#热带loveplants2024-05-03
Monstera membranacea，膜叶龟背竹，龟背竹图鉴，原种龟背竹，龟背竹，热植图鉴，热带loveplants
基本信息 General Information
Accepted Name：Monstera membranacea Madison
首次发布于：Contr. Gray Herb. 207: 55 (1977)
中文名称：龟背竹
科：天南星科
属：龟背竹属
原产地：哥斯达黎加至巴拿马西部
命名者：Madison
植物简介 Descriptions
这是一个非常独特、容易识别的物种。它具有该属中至少四个独特的特征；叶片非常薄且呈膜质，在活体材料中有点泡状；佛焰苞在花序梗上下延 3 - 8 厘米；果实为绿色，花柱部分脱落以露出种子，种子在亮橙色的果肉中；种子呈球形，S 形的种脊在表面形成一个凸起。膜叶龟背竹的幼苗与锡尔特佩坎龟背竹的幼苗相似，但成年植株的许多特征将这两个物种区分开来。除此之外，膜叶龟背竹似乎与任何其他物种都没有密切的亲缘关系，尽管它显然属于龟背竹组。
茎为附生、攀援状，节间呈圆柱状，长 1 - 2 厘米，粗 1 - 2 厘米。幼株的叶片伸出，卵形，基部心形，顶端渐尖，无穿孔。成株的叶柄长 40 - 50 厘米，比叶片稍长，叶鞘宽阔，占叶柄长度的 2/3 至 5/6，宿存；叶节长 3 - 4 厘米；叶片膜质，卵形，基部心形，顶端短尖，长 40 - 50 厘米，宽 25 - 32 厘米，全缘或不规则羽状分裂，穿孔圆形，单列且位于中脉附近，每侧有 6 - 9 条主侧脉，近平行，次级侧脉相互交织成网状。花序梗长 13 - 17 厘米，带有 3 - 8 厘米下延佛焰苞的疤痕。结果的肉穗花序长 10 - 18 厘米，粗 2.5 - 3.5 厘米。浆果绿色，上部脱落，露出橙色果肉中的种子。种子球形，长 6 毫米。
This is a very distinctive, easily recognized species. It possesses at least four characters unique in the genus; the lamina is very thin and membranaceous, somewhat bullate in live material; the spathe is decurrent on the peduncle for 3 – 8 cm; the fruit is green with the stylar portion deciduous to expose the seeds in a bright orange pulp; and the seeds are spherical, with the S-shaped raphe forming a bump on the surface. The juvenile of Monstera membranacea is similar to that of M. siltepecana, but many features of the adults separate the two species. Other than this, M. membranacea does not appear to be closely allied to any other species, although it clearly belongs in section Monstera.
Stem epiphytic, climbing, internodes terete, 1 – 2 cm long, 1 – 2 cm thick. Leaf blade of juvenile plants exserted, ovate, cordate at the base, acuminate at the apex, lacking perforations. Petiole of adult plants 40 – 50 cm long, a little longer than the blade, sheath broad, from 2/3 to 5/6 the length of the petiole, persistent; geniculum 3 – 4 cm long; blade membranaceous, ovate, cordate at the base, shortly mucronate at the apex, 40 – 50 cm long, 25 – 32 cm wide, entire or irregularly pinnatifid, perforations round, uniseriate and situated next to the midrib, primary lateral veins 6 – 9 on each side, subparallel, secondary lateral veins reticulated between one another. Peduncle 13 – 17 cm long, marked with the scars of the 3 – 8 cm decurrent spathe. Fruiting spadix 10 – 18 cm long, 2.5 – 3.5 cm thick. Berries green, upper parts deciduous, revealing the seeds in an orange pulp. Seeds globose, 6 mm long.
植物图片 Images
幼年期 Juvenility
生长期 Growth period
成熟期 Maturity
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植物标本
